Some of the most common types of burns to children are sunburn, scalds, contact burns and flame burns. Less common are chemical burns and electrical burns. Fortunately there has been a decrease in the number of burns, however scalds from hot tea and coffee are still high.

To treat the more common burns follow the first aid procedures below. All infants or children with burns should be medically assessed.

Never break blisters, or use ice to treat a burn, do not apply creams, ointment or butter.

Sunburn

• Place a cool wet towel on the burnt area.
• Give the child water to drink.
• Take the child to the doctor if the burn blisters.

Thermal burn (flame, scald direct heat contact)

• Make sure the area is safe.
• If the child's clothing is on fire, STOP, DROP and ROLL the child to put out the flames. Alternatively smother flames with a blanket or coat and gently push the child to the ground and roll several times.
• Calm and reassure the child.
• Cool the burn with cold water for up to 20 minutes.
• Remove any clothing that has been burnt or soaked by boiling water. If clothing is stuck to the skin, leave it or cut around it. Remove any shoes or jewellery as the burnt area may swell. Do not pull burnt or hot, wet clothing across the face or unburnt areas.
• Cover the burn with a clean, non-fluffy dressing, e.g. a sheet or pillow case.
• All infants or children with burns should be medically assessed. For large burns or if the child is in pain call an ambulance (dial 000).
• If the child becomes drowsy or pale, lie the child down, raise their legs and call an ambulance (dial 000).